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HSC4007 Concepts Of Interprofessional & Collaborative Practice Module
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HSC4007 Concepts Of Interprofessional & Collaborative Practice Module
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Course Code: HSC4007
University: London South Bank University
MyAssignmentHelp.com is not sponsored or endorsed by this college or university
Country: United Kingdom
Questions:
Introduction
This section will tell the reader what you are going to cover and should include something about:
Importance of teamwork in contemporary health service- some good and poor exemplars
How reflection may be used as a tool to explore phenomena and development-
Introduce Gibbs’ Model and let reader know how you will use the model to structure your paper e.g. the 6 stages.
Description
To set the scene you need to explain what you are reflecting on to your reader. Perhaps include background information, such as what it is you’re reflecting on and tell the reader who was involved. It’s important to remember to keep the information provided relevant and to-the-point. Don’t waffle on about details that aren’t required – if you do this, you’re just using up valuable words that you’ll get minimal marks for.
Feelings
Discuss your feelings and thoughts about the experience. Consider questions such as: How did you feel at the time? What did you think at the time? What did you think about the incident afterwards? You can discuss your emotions honestly, but make sure to remember at all times that this is an academic piece of writing, so avoid ‘chatty’ text.
Evaluation
For your evaluation, you need to discuss how well you think things went. Perhaps think about: How did you react to the situation, and how did other people react? What was good and what was bad about the experience? If you are writing about a difficult incident, did you feel that the situation was resolved afterwards? Why/why not? This section is a good place to include the theory and the work of other authors – remember it is important to include references.
Analysis
Analysis In your analysis, consider what might have helped or hindered the event. You also have the opportunity here to compare your experience with the literature you have read. This section is very important, particularly for higher level writing. Many students receive poor marks for reflective assignments for not bringing the theory and experience together. For example try to explain what you have noted by linking it to the theory. E.g. Belbin’s teams- did your group members adopt any of these? What is your role type? Why is it important?
Answers:
Interdisciplinary teamwork is one of the most important models that help in delivering high quality care to patients and their family members. Teamwork in the domain of healthcare can be defined as two or more people who interact interdependently with a common purpose and thereby is seen to work towards betterment of the quality of life of the patient. moreover, teams are mainly seen to work towards measurable goals which help in benefitting from leadership that in turn helps to maintain stability while encouraging honest discussion and hence problem solving (Nacarella et al. 2017). Teamwork is mainly seen to employ the practice of collaboration as well as enhanced communication. These help to expand the traditional roles of the healthcare workers and thereby to make decisions that work towards the common goals. Healthcare in turn is therefore called to be a multidisciplinary profession in which doctors, nurses, healthcare experts from different backgrounds are seen to communicate and act along with the patients and the caregivers to ensure quality life of the patients (Coyne et al. 2016). Often in many cases, it is seen that failure of effective teamwork result patients and their family members to suffer more. Patients may be seen to be remaining hospitalised for more than the stipulated time, readmission of the patients, preventable deaths, medication error effects and many others. Again, there are examples where effective teamwork has helped patient to recover back to a fitter life with proper activities of daily living (Strong et al. 2016). Patients were even heard to say that they feel fitter than before they were diagnosed with the disorder. Therefore, effective teamwork is indeed seen to be of higher importance for error free high quality safe care to patients by the multidisciplinary teams for curing the patient. the assignment will mainly focus on the important aspects of teamwork through an effective reflection through Gibbs cycle. It mainly includes important steps like description of the event, feelings derived from the event as well as evaluation of the event. It would also contain analysis of the event, conclusion and thereby action plan for the event.
Description
We were given the responsibility of conducting a role-play session that comprised of eight important persons who needed to work in as a team for the assignment. We were supposed to conduct a role-play of caring for a patient named Valerie who was affected by Alzheimer’s and her husband David was the main carer of the person. I was provided the role of David who usually conducted all the caring activities of the patient named Valerie. The other members were seen to be district nurses, occupational therapist, physiotherapist as well as registrar. The role-play assignment had helped to understand a large number of important factors that are very important in the working of the multidisciplinary team member. At first we were excited about the assignment. However, we did not have any kind of planning to proceed with the assignment. One evening, we decided to sit together and plan the ways by which we would be presenting our assignment. However, on the very day, two of the members did not arrive and even did not inform us. The rest of the members who arrived in the meeting became demotivated as they thought that all the members are not responsible enough to attend the very first meeting of the assignment. However, we had to start the meeting with the present members as time was very short and we had to complete large number of activities within the very short time. however, after the meeting began, we saw that none of the members where supporting each other’s views and they were very adamant in putting their own views. they wanted their own suggestions to be selected for the presentation and role play and did not like to hear about the others. One of the members become so frustrated that he left the place as his suggestions were not selected by the team. The rest of the members tried their based to to come up with different suggestions but at the same time they were overriding other suggestions and trying to put forward their own suggestions. None of the members were active listeners and did not provide time for the other members to complete the strategy that each was trying to say. The entire meeting was not fruitful as we could not reach to a particular point and the present members were frustrated. however I tried my best to make all the members motivated but none of them tried to handle the present situation effectively. I gave the duty to one of the friend who was to call the different members and finalize the time of the next meeting. However, many members who did not turn out on the next meeting. When the reason was asked for the absence, some of the members stated that they were not even informed. Therefore, blame game started and everyone was blaming each other and that also resulted in the failure of the next meeting. there arose many situations while practicing together where one of the members argued with another members and both of them left the practice session without even making the other persons know about the causes. All these demoralized us to a great extent and we become quite concerned about how the role play will finally take place. As days were coming closer, most of the members were seen to be stressed as they were not sure about how the other persons would be collaborating with them when they would be presenting their rolls. They were concerned about how improper act by the other members would affect their own roles as well. However, the work that was represented finally did not go well as many important lines were missed and none of the members could provide their best performance. It was after the incident that I went to the mentor and discussed about the entire scenario that took place in the entire practice sessions. He pointed out a number of issues which I could not realise at first. It was only after his detailed analysis of the situation which made me understand the very mistakes that we made while planning and conducting teamwork to exhibit our performance
Feeling
I had developed a very negative feeling about the entire preparation stage of the role play. Initially I was very excited after getting my role. I thought that all the members of the team would act collaboratively in order to make the presentation successful but it was seen that many of the members were not ready to compromise their ego and differences among themselves. As days passed on and different types of issues began to grow up among the team members, I started feeling quite tense in all these situations. I was scared about the impact of the disputes that were taking place among the members. I knew that all these issues occurring among the team members would ultimately affect the output of the teamwork and as a result of this, the presentation might not shape up as beautifully as I imagined. With the passing of days I started becoming more concerned as I came to understand that the presentation was not taking a good shape. In the ending Phase, I was completely devastated as I knew that none of the members would be able to give their best shots at the presentation. at one time I felt like not participating in the team anymore as I knew that the presentation might impact my image in front of my professor. However my inner self instructed me not to back out at such a crucial situation and try my best to fight with this situation. Therefore I tried to regain back my enthusiasm and courage and tried my best to motivate my team members. However, my motivating the team members at the end stage of the preparation phase did not help much on the final day. The presentation did not come out successfully and there were many flaws in the presentation. After the presentation was over, I was completely shattered because of the devastating performance of each of the members. It was after this incident, the team members came to understand that the behaviours they portrayed in during the preparation phase was not apt. All of us started feeling guilty about our approaches as well as our behaviours throughout the phase. I felt thoroughly disappointed after the presentation and I decided that I need to reflect on the incident so that I can gain an insight from this incident and thereby never repeat this form of behaviour in the future. All my friends agreed to this decision and they all decided to reflect on their performance so that they can provide better teamwork in the future.
Evaluation
The experience was highly negative. The behaviours and attitudes of the team members were totally unprofessional (eresford et al. 2018). Such unprofessional attitude had the capability of affecting the performance of each of the member and thereby not only resulted in poor representation of team work but also made each of the members get poor marks in the assignments. The healthcare team did not communicate among themselves effectively and did not practice together. All of them practices separately and therefore the dialogues that they exhibited were not aligning with each other. Therefore the common goal could not be achived. It was seen that the team members were more involved in the power struggles and were busy mainly in defending their own self and did not take any initiative by which they can provide effective teamwork. They did not take any initiative to develop any bonding with each other’s and therefore the no observable changes were noticed in the performance of the team members when group practice was being carried on. (Senft et al. 2018). They had not sat together and calked out the common goal. They did not set their own individual objectives that would have helped in the meeting of the bigger goal. They continued to blame each other and therefore this proved that they had no bond among themselves. It was unprofessional and insensitive to speak in this manner they were speaking and arguing among themselves this increased the negative feeling that appeared among themselves. This results in development of feeling of hopelessness in each of the member themselves as they were gradually starting to understand that they would fail miserably to meet the goal. They were not at all responsible and are in turn trying to put the blame of improper performance on the others (Peocter & Rednor 2014). The difficult situation was not resolving at all, as neither of the team members were accepting their fault, coming to a discussion session and try their best to work collaboratively. They were adamant with their one decision and from all these, the quality of the main presentation was getting affected. The team was neither working collaboratively among themselves nor were trying their best to overcome the differences. The feedbacks were not at all constructive but rather demeaning that affected the morale of the person whom the feedback was given. It was very strenuous situation that was impacting the preparation of the entire presentation.(Kotecha et al. 2015). At the same time, time that was available to us was also short and this added to the tension. The only good part of the incidence was that the failure of the presentation helped the members release that their attitudes and behaviours towards teamwork was not only poor but was also inappropriate in a professional field (VanDongen et al. 2016). This incident helped us to realise that such issues may creep up in our future careers as well as when we will be working in a multidisciplinary team. It gave the scope to us to learn from our mistakes so that we never repeat them anymore. Moreover, the team members should understand that each of the actions they take have impact on the health of the patients and her family members and accordingly they should develop skills, knowledge values and others to provide effective care and ensure effective teamwork. The good thing therefore was that it helped me realise the necessity of certain important aspects of teamwork and thereby would develop skills by which I can, not only take part in collaborative team making but also take part in effective caring for patients by providing them holistic care.
Analysis
From the entire situation, I realised some of the main issues that were resulting in poor teamwork among the members. I had to go through several evidenced based articles where I had to relate the case scenarios with that of the evidenced that were provided by the researchers. It was seen that the main foundation of the teamwork was trust. This attribute was seen to be completely absent from the team that was formed for the presentation. The team members were seen to not trust each other. Moreover, there was power struggle that was observed among the different members. Such power struggles were one of the main reasons that were affecting them to act in a collaborative manner (Mosadegrad et al. 2015). The main reason of the power struggle can be attributed to a number of factors. In healthcare sectors, power struggle results from improper organisational culture. Researchers are of the opinion that organisations, which develop a working culture, which are more open and transparent, and influence constructive feedback giving and receiving sessions help to maintain clarity among the professionals (Wilson et al. 2014). Because of this clarity, they are seen to indulge in effective relationship development and bonding among the team members. The team members are found to be sharing their feelings as well as their advices and suggestions with each other and therefore these results them in being associated with each other and thereby working collaboratively. Trust is one of the most important aspects that is also found to be extremely important for the development of proper teams. When team members are seen to trust each other, the development of collaborative work output is also seen to be higher. Therefore the main issues that are seen to be present among the team was the presence of power struggle, no bonding, lack of trust, lack of transparency (Heale et al. 2014). Lack of communication among the members of the teams was been evident from the scenario where the members did not communicate each other about the meeting dates and time properly resulting many of them to miss the meetings and practice sessions. None of them were seen to communicate with each other and therefore did not know what others were following. In real scenario of healthcare centres, it is important for healthcare teams to communicate the interventions that they have decided for the patients so that they can align with the common goals and help in curing for the symptoms effectively. Otherwise, lack of communication may result in medication errors, unaligned treatment procedures, long waiting time of the patient, duplicated treatments and many others (Weaver et al. 2014). Such issues also affects the providing of holistic care to the patients and the caregivers and such behaviours make the patients and caregivers nervous and tensed (Hewitt et al. 2015). Effective teamwork may result from active listening skills, higher levels of emotional intelligence among the members, proper unity and bonding and effective sharing of constructive feedback. This analysis would help me to develop proper skills of team working and hence become a best team member to my colleagues.
Conclusion
From the entire incident I realised that there were some of the initiatives that I could have taken that would have resulted in betterment of the scenario. I would have first suggested the members to arrange for a group meeting where every of the professionals would be contributing their suggestions and thereby coming in alignment with a common goal that everyone should work for. They should hold weekly meetings where they would be discussing about the evaluation of the performance and the new requirements and skills that each of the members needs to inculcate. Effective communication would have helped in reduction of the different negative emotions among the members against each other’s and would have helped in the development of bond with the team members (Klemen et al. 2017). Moreover, each one of them should be provided the advice of importance of respect for each other in a team and the concept of emotional intelligence should have been discussed among them. I should have helped them build strong relationship with them through effective verbal and nonverbal communication skills. I would have engaged each one of them in effective decision-making and teach them the importance of taking consent from others while planning for a strategy. The team should have gone for several informal outings where discussions other than presentation should have been done. This would have helped in developing emotional and mental attachments with each other. This should have positive aspect on the entire presentation.
Action plan
In order to develop an effective team bonding for the healthcare members, it is important for all the members including me to engage in effective workshops on development of communication skills. Such communication skills would help the individuals to develop skills by which they can express their concerns and emotions effectively which would prevent power struggles and help in development of bonds. Moreover, it is also important for the members to go through different types of evidence based articles where the researchers have provided recommendations for effective development of teams. This would help in formation of teams who show collaborative work output and are helping the patients and the caregivers (Rodrigue et al. 2016). Moreover, it also becomes very important for the professionals to attend training classes by which they will be able to understand the importance of feedback sharing and active listening for working in teams. This would help in development of effective teams by which high quality care can be provided to patients.
Conclusion
From the entire discussion, it become quite clear that effective team work in healthcare is extremely important to provide high quality safe care in the patients. It has been seen that effective bonding and trust among the teams are extremely important. Moreover, communication among the embers ensure reducing errors in healthcare like medication errors, long waiting times, hospital readmission and many others. It was seen that the power struggles and poor communication among the members resulted in poor output on each of their performance and failure of the presentation. Therefore, effective teamwork is extremely important for providing of holistic care to patients as well as their caregivers not only to cure their physical symptoms but also to look after their mental and emotional stability and to reduce pressures on them. The reflective cycle has helped me realise such important facts about healthcare team members and their contributions effectively. This would help my knowledge and skill development largely.
References
Beresford, B., Gibson, F., Bayliss, J. and Mukherjee, S., 2018. Preventing work?related stress among staff working in children’s cancer Principal Treatment Centres in the UK: a brief survey of staff support systems and practices. European journal of cancer care, 27(2), p.e12535.
Coyne, I., Comiskey, C.M., Lalor, J.G., Higgins, A., Elliott, N. and Begley, C., 2016. An exploration of clinical practice in sites with and without clinical nurse or midwife specialists or advanced nurse practitioners, in Ireland. BMC health services research, 16(1), p.151.
Heale, R., Dickieson, P., Carter, L. and Wenghofer, E.F., 2014. Nurse practitioners’ perceptions of interprofessional team functioning with implications for nurse managers. Journal of nursing management, 22(7), pp.924-930.
Hewitt, G., Sims, S., Greenwood, N., Jones, F., Ross, F. and Harris, R., 2015. Interprofessional teamwork in stroke care: is it visible or important to patients and carers?. Journal of interprofessional care, 29(4), pp.331-339.
Klemenc-Ketis, Z., Maletic, M., Stropnik, V., Deilkås, E.T., Hofoss, D. and Bondevik, G.T., 2017. The safety attitudes questionnaire–ambulatory version: psychometric properties of the Slovenian version for the out-of-hours primary care setting. BMC health services research, 17(1), p.36.
Körner, M., Bütof, S., Müller, C., Zimmermann, L., Becker, S. and Bengel, J., 2016. Interprofessional teamwork and team interventions in chronic care: a systematic review. Journal of interprofessional care, 30(1), pp.15-28.
Kotecha, J., Brown, J.B., Han, H., Harris, S.B., Green, M., Russell, G., Roberts, S., Webster-Bogaert, S., Fournie, M., Thind, A. and Reichert, S.M., 2015. Influence of a quality improvement learning collaborative program on team functioning in primary healthcare. Families, Systems, & Health, 33(3), p.222.
Mosadeghrad, A.M., 2015. Developing and validating a total quality management model for healthcare organisations. The TQM Journal, 27(5), pp.544-564.
Naccarella, L., Scott, A., Furler, J., Savage, G., Meredith, R. and Smith, F., 2017. Narrative literature review on incentives for primary health care team service provision: learning and working together in primary health care.
Procter, S. and Radnor, Z., 2014. Teamworking under Lean in UK public services: lean teams and team targets in Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (HMRC). The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(21), pp.2978-2995.
Rodríguez?Martín, B., Stolt, M., Katajisto, J. and Suhonen, R., 2016. Nurses’ characteristics and organisational factors associated with their assessments of individualised care in care institutions for older people. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 30(2), pp.250-259.
Senft, Y., Kirsch, M., Denhaerynck, K., Dobbels, F., Helmy, R., Russell, C.L., Berben, L., De Geest, S. and BRIGHT study team, 2018. Practice patterns to improve pre and post-transplant medication adherence in heart transplant centres: a secondary data analysis of the international BRIGHT study. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 17(4), pp.356-367.
Strong, S., Paramasivan, S., Mills, N., Wilson, C., Donovan, J.L. and Blazeby, J.M., 2016. ‘The trial is owned by the team, not by an individual’: a qualitative study exploring the role of teamwork in recruitment to randomised controlled trials in surgical oncology. Trials, 17(1), p.212.
van Dongen, J.J.J., van Bokhoven, M.A., Daniëls, R., Lenzen, S.A., van der Weijden, T. and Beurskens, A., 2016. Interprofessional primary care team meetings: a qualitative approach comparing observations with personal opinions. Family practice, p.cmw106.
Weaver, S.J., Dy, S.M. and Rosen, M.A., 2014. Team-training in healthcare: a narrative synthesis of the literature. BMJ Qual Saf, 23(5), pp.359-372.
Wilson, N. and Soni, A., 2016. Interprofessional working: a spearhead opportunity for dentistry and pharmacy. British dental journal, 221(10), p.607.
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